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Audi A4 engines innovation over the years
The Audi A4 is a compact executive car produced by the German car manufacturer Audi AG since late 1994. The initial generation A4 succeeded the four previous generations of the Audi 80. And just like its Audi 80 predecessor, the Audi A4 automobile layout consists of a longitudinally orientated engine at the front, with transaxle-type transmissions mounted immediately to the rear of the engine, again, orientated longitudinally.
A wide range of internal combustion engines were available to European customers for the old A4 (B5) from 1994–2001, between 1.6 and 2.8 litres for petrol engines; and a 1.9 litre diesel engine available with Volkswagen Group’s VE technology, capable of achieving a 90 PS (66 kW; 89 bhp) or 110 PS (81 kW; 108 bhp), although Audi’s 2.8 litre V6 engine, carried over from the old 80/90 was the only engine option in some countries until 1997.
The Audi A4 was the first model in the Volkswagen Group to feature the new 1.8 litre 20v engine with five valves per cylinder, based on the unit Audi Sport had developed for their Super touring race car. A turbocharged version produced 150 PS (110 kW; 148 bhp) and 210 Newton metres (155 lb•ft) torque. This technology was added to the V6 family of engines in 1996, starting with the 2.8 litre V6 30v, which now produced 193 PS (142 kW; 190 bhp).
A refreshed B5 (A4) range appeared at the 1997 Frankfurt Motor Show, with sales beginning in Europe in early 1998. Besides the introduction of a 2.8 litre 30-valve V6 engine (replacing the 2.8 litre 12-valve), the most important additions to the range were the 2.5 litre V6 Turbocharged Direct Injection diesel engine with 150 PS (110 kW; 148 bhp) and standard Quattro, as well the new high-performance Audi S4, now part of the A4 line-up (the previous S4 had been an Audi 100). New rear lights, headlights, door handles, and other minor exterior/interior changes rounded out the cosmetic updates.
In mid 1998, the 1.8 20vT engine available outside Europe had its power output raised to 170 PS (125 kW; 168 bhp). The previous KKK K03 turbocharger, although fundamentally unchanged, did receive some revisions on the turbine side to prevent cracking due to heat. The 12-valve V6 engine was replaced by the 30-valve unit which had been available in Europe for two years.
An all-new A4, internally designated Typ 8E, debuted in late 2000, while the naturally aspirated 1.8 litre inline-four engine and 2.8 litre V6 were replaced by 2.0 litre, and all-aluminium alloy 3.0 litre units, still with five valves per cylinder, the most powerful of which was capable of 220 PS (162 kW; 217 bhp) and 300 Newton metres (221 lb•ft) of torque. The 1.9 Turbocharged Direct Injection engine was upgraded to 130 PS (96 kW; 128 bhp), with a Unit Injector technology, and was now available with Quattro permanent four-wheel drive, while the 2.5 V6 TDI high-end model was introduced with 180 PS (132 kW; 178 bhp) and standard Quattro.
For 2002, Audi upgraded power in the 1.8 Turbo engines to 163 PS (120 kW; 161 bhp) and 190 PS (140 kW; 187 bhp) – the 190 PS variant designated by a red ‘T’ on the boot lid, with both available with quattro, and in the 2.5 TDI intermediate version to 163 PS (120 kW; 161 bhp). A 2.0 engine with Fuel Stratified Injection was also available. A year later, Audi reintroduced the S4, now powered by a 344 PS (253 kW; 339 bhp) 4.2 L V8 engine.
The 2005 A4 engine line up received many additions. These engines both implement a four-valve per cylinder design. The prior 5-valve design was incompatible with the FSI direct injection system (due to the sitting of the fuel injector, now discharging directly into the combustion chamber). The 2.0 Turbocharged Direct Injection diesel engine now combines Unit Injector technology with 16 valves for the first time, while the larger 2.5 TDI V6 diesel was superseded by a 3.0 V6 TDI, offering a 204 PS (150 kW; 201 bhp) model during the year 2005 which was upgraded to a 233 PS (171 kW; 230 bhp) model in 2006. A 2.7 V6 TDI was added later.
According to 2007 Swedish vehicle inspection data, the Audi A4 Avant with diesel engine is the most reliable vehicle available on the market, with vehicle inspection rejection rate of 0.0% in 3 year old category.
Performance
The New Audi offers six engine choices for A4 buyers: two 1.8-litres and a 3.2-litre petrol, developing 120PS, 160PS and 265PS respectively. All three engines use Audi’s TSI technology, which improves efficiency and reduces emissions. Diesel choices are a 2-litre four cylinder and 2.7- and 3-litre V6s, and are remarkably refined. We tested the 2-litre TDI, which is the most popular engine in the Audi A4 range and found it to offer an excellent blend of performance and fuel economy.
The petrol units offer competitive 0-62mph times, with a 10.5 seconds time for the 1.8 120PS, 8.6 seconds for the 1.8 160PS and 6.2 seconds for the 3.2 V6. Top speeds are 130mph, 140mph and 155mph respectively. The 2-litre, 2.7 and 3-litre diesels return 0-62mph times of 9.4, 7.7 and 6.1 seconds, and top speeds of 134, 140 and 155mph respectively.
The fourth generation Audi A4 has an all-new six-speed manual, which is precise and well weighted. Audi also offers a CVT ‘box with the 2.7 TDi.
Running Costs
New Audi A4’s are a safe bet when it comes to holding their value on the used car market, thanks to constant demand from buyers. The diesel engines offer good fuel economy and the 2-litre can return an average of 51.4mpg, and even the 3-litre can cover 40.9mpg. The petrol engines are predictably less frugal, but still return between 30.4 and 39.8mpg. Insurance groups of 12 and 13 for the most common models are competitive, and these models are also reasonable to tax. Emissions of 144g/km (154g/km for the Multi tronic auto) place the 2-litre TDI in band £120 (£145 for the auto), while the 2.7 and 3-litre diesels emit 176 and 183g/km respectively. The 1.8 petrol will emit 169g/km, while the 2-litre produces just 10 more. The 3.2 creates 219g/km.
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